MLFA_ASPNA
ID MLFA_ASPNA Reviewed; 4870 AA.
AC G3XUF0;
DT 10-APR-2019, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 14-DEC-2011, sequence version 1.
DT 23-FEB-2022, entry version 55.
DE RecName: Full=Malformin synthetase mlfA {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30560908};
DE EC=6.3.2.- {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30560908};
DE AltName: Full=Malformin biosynthesis cluster protein A {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30560908};
DE AltName: Full=Nonribosomal peptide synthetase mlfA {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30560908};
GN Name=mlfA {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30560908}; ORFNames=ASPNIDRAFT_43807;
OS Aspergillus niger (strain ATCC 1015 / CBS 113.46 / FGSC A1144 / LSHB Ac4 /
OS NCTC 3858a / NRRL 328 / USDA 3528.7).
OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Pezizomycotina; Eurotiomycetes;
OC Eurotiomycetidae; Eurotiales; Aspergillaceae; Aspergillus;
OC Aspergillus subgen. Circumdati.
OX NCBI_TaxID=380704;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=ATCC 1015 / CBS 113.46 / FGSC A1144 / LSHB Ac4 / NCTC 3858a / NRRL
RC 328 / USDA 3528.7;
RX PubMed=21543515; DOI=10.1101/gr.112169.110;
RA Andersen M.R., Salazar M.P., Schaap P.J., van de Vondervoort P.J.I.,
RA Culley D., Thykaer J., Frisvad J.C., Nielsen K.F., Albang R., Albermann K.,
RA Berka R.M., Braus G.H., Braus-Stromeyer S.A., Corrochano L.M., Dai Z.,
RA van Dijck P.W.M., Hofmann G., Lasure L.L., Magnuson J.K., Menke H.,
RA Meijer M., Meijer S.L., Nielsen J.B., Nielsen M.L., van Ooyen A.J.J.,
RA Pel H.J., Poulsen L., Samson R.A., Stam H., Tsang A., van den Brink J.M.,
RA Atkins A., Aerts A., Shapiro H., Pangilinan J., Salamov A., Lou Y.,
RA Lindquist E., Lucas S., Grimwood J., Grigoriev I.V., Kubicek C.P.,
RA Martinez D., van Peij N.N.M.E., Roubos J.A., Nielsen J., Baker S.E.;
RT "Comparative genomics of citric-acid-producing Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015
RT versus enzyme-producing CBS 513.88.";
RL Genome Res. 21:885-897(2011).
RN [2]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=19876076; DOI=10.1038/ja.2009.100;
RA Kojima Y., Sunazuka T., Nagai K., Hirose T., Namatame M., Ishiyama A.,
RA Otoguro K., Omura S.;
RT "Solid-phase synthesis and biological activity of malformin C and its
RT derivatives.";
RL J. Antibiot. 62:681-686(2009).
RN [3]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=26540166; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0140069;
RA Wang J., Jiang Z., Lam W., Gullen E.A., Yu Z., Wei Y., Wang L., Zeiss C.,
RA Beck A., Cheng E.C., Wu C., Cheng Y.C., Zhang Y.;
RT "Study of malformin C, a fungal source cyclic pentapeptide, as an anti-
RT cancer drug.";
RL PLoS ONE 10:E0140069-E0140069(2015).
RN [4]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=26645406; DOI=10.1007/s00280-015-2915-4;
RA Liu Y., Wang M., Wang D., Li X., Wang W., Lou H., Yuan H.;
RT "Malformin A1 promotes cell death through induction of apoptosis, necrosis
RT and autophagy in prostate cancer cells.";
RL Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 77:63-75(2016).
RN [5]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=28713983; DOI=10.3892/ijo.2017.4070;
RA Park S.Y., Oh H.H., Park Y.L., Yu H.M., Myung D.S., Cho S.B., Lee W.S.,
RA Park D., Joo Y.E.;
RT "Malformin A1 treatment alters invasive and oncogenic phenotypes of human
RT colorectal cancer cells through stimulation of the p38 signaling pathway.";
RL Int. J. Oncol. 51:959-966(2017).
RN [6]
RP IDENTIFICATION, FUNCTION, AND PATHWAY.
RX PubMed=30560908; DOI=10.1038/s41598-018-36561-3;
RA Theobald S., Vesth T.C., Rendsvig J.K., Nielsen K.F., Riley R.,
RA de Abreu L.M., Salamov A., Frisvad J.C., Larsen T.O., Andersen M.R.,
RA Hoof J.B.;
RT "Uncovering secondary metabolite evolution and biosynthesis using gene
RT cluster networks and genetic dereplication.";
RL Sci. Rep. 8:17957-17957(2018).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the gene cluster
CC that mediates the biosynthesis of malformins, cyclic pentapeptides with
CC a disulfide bond between 2 consecutive cysteins, that show potential
CC anti-tumor as well as antimalarial and antitrypanosomal properties
CC (PubMed:30560908). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase mlfA is
CC responsible of the formation of the cyclic pentapeptide (Probable). The
CC malformin biosynthesis clusters in malformin-producing fungi also
CC contain enzymes involved in the formation of the disulfide bond between
CC the two consecutive cysteins within malformins, in addition to
CC additionnal tailoring enzymes such as methyltransferases or
CC oxidoreductases. They are also composed of up to 4 major facilitator
CC superfamily transporters, and transcription factors probably involved
CC in the regulation of the expression of those clusters (Probable).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30560908, ECO:0000305|PubMed:30560908}.
CC -!- PATHWAY: Secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
CC {ECO:0000305|PubMed:30560908}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation
CC (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation
CC (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single
CC module. Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A
CC domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing
CC peptide product. Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one
CC or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that
CC releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme. Occasionally,
CC epimerase (E) domains (responsible for L- to D- amino acid conversion)
CC are present within the NRP synthetase. MlfA has the following
CC architecture: A-T-C-A-T-C-A-T-C-C-A-T-C, with the functions of the five
CC condensation domains during malformin biosynthesis being DL-joining
CC (epimerizing subtype), LL-joining, epimerization, DL-joining and
CC cyclizing domain, respectively. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:30560908}.
CC -!- BIOTECHNOLOGY: Malformins show anti-tumor properties against human
CC colorectal and prostate cancer cells by the inhibition of proliferation
CC and induction of apoptosis through the activation of the p38 signaling
CC pathway (PubMed:26540166, PubMed:26645406, PubMed:28713983). Malformin
CC C has also been shown to exhibit potent antimalarial and
CC antitrypanosomal properties (PubMed:19876076).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19876076, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26540166,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:26645406, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28713983}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NRP synthetase family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; ACJE01000005; EHA25778.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR SMR; G3XUF0; -.
DR EnsemblFungi; EHA25778; EHA25778; ASPNIDRAFT_43807.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_000022_60_0_1; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000009038; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR GO; GO:0016874; F:ligase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0031177; F:phosphopantetheine binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.1200.10; -; 4.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.300.30; -; 4.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.559.10; -; 5.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.50.12780; -; 4.
DR InterPro; IPR010071; AA_adenyl_domain.
DR InterPro; IPR036736; ACP-like_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR045851; AMP-bd_C_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR020845; AMP-binding_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR000873; AMP-dep_Synth/Lig.
DR InterPro; IPR042099; ANL_N_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR023213; CAT-like_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR001242; Condensatn.
DR InterPro; IPR020806; PKS_PP-bd.
DR InterPro; IPR009081; PP-bd_ACP.
DR InterPro; IPR006162; Ppantetheine_attach_site.
DR Pfam; PF00501; AMP-binding; 4.
DR Pfam; PF00668; Condensation; 5.
DR Pfam; PF00550; PP-binding; 4.
DR SMART; SM00823; PKS_PP; 3.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47336; SSF47336; 4.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR01733; AA-adenyl-dom; 4.
DR PROSITE; PS00455; AMP_BINDING; 3.
DR PROSITE; PS50075; CARRIER; 4.
DR PROSITE; PS00012; PHOSPHOPANTETHEINE; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Ligase; Phosphopantetheine; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Repeat.
FT CHAIN 1..4870
FT /note="Malformin synthetase mlfA"
FT /id="PRO_0000446435"
FT DOMAIN 635..711
FT /note="Carrier 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
FT DOMAIN 1688..1765
FT /note="Carrier 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
FT DOMAIN 2864..2940
FT /note="Carrier 3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
FT DOMAIN 4411..4487
FT /note="Carrier 4"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
FT REGION 106..497
FT /note="Adenylation 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 749..1133
FT /note="Condensation 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 1161..1550
FT /note="Adenylation 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 1764..1794
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1829..1859
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1898..2313
FT /note="Condensation 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 2336..2728
FT /note="Adenylation 3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 2957..3422
FT /note="Condensation 3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 3443..3862
FT /note="Condensation 4"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 3887..4277
FT /note="Adenylation 4"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 4524..4837
FT /note="Condensation 5"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT COMPBIAS 1766..1789
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1829..1852
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOD_RES 672
FT /note="O-(pantetheine 4'-phosphoryl)serine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
FT MOD_RES 1725
FT /note="O-(pantetheine 4'-phosphoryl)serine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
FT MOD_RES 2901
FT /note="O-(pantetheine 4'-phosphoryl)serine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
FT MOD_RES 4448
FT /note="O-(pantetheine 4'-phosphoryl)serine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00258"
SQ SEQUENCE 4870 AA; 535293 MW; 9BDDCA217490CA0C CRC64;
MSRRSLINAA EQLLHPGPVG AGQVSGESAN TIITFEKDIE SLFVTQAEAA NVGTAMAQAL
AEVGADDHNR LIKNLNLMSP THLESIWQFN ANVPGMWEEC FHDVIERRAA NRPHSLAVDA
WDMKLTYADL VREARLLAAY LQHRGVRPGS VVPISFERSG AALVAMLAVS KAGGAFVSVP
PTLPAGRLDA ILEVIEAPFV VTWSKYEPFW AERLPTLPID SYPKPSADAT VKTLGKPEDL
FYVIFTSGST GRPKGCMLSH SNWLNGALRN APSWKYGPES RVLQMLSHTF DMSLLEICTS
LGSGACVCVP RTEEIETSVS DAINRWQVNH VIMTPSLARS LRRDDVPGLK TMCLGGEAFP
REIVTMWSER INLWQFYGPS ECSINSSSRP ITRPDADPLN IGPPNSAACW VVDTQDYNKL
VPVGAIGELL VSGPIVGMGY LKNPIKTAEA FLDEVGFVAK DDPQFGGFRF YRTGDLVRWN
SDGTITFCGR ADTQVKLNGQ RLELAEVEYQ LGLEAGVQYA IAMAPQSGRC KNNLIAVLTV
KCGGASNQGN ADDEIPLLDR HDPIVQQTVK KLRSQLQHAL PRYMVPTIWA FVGRMPMSPS
GKIDRVQLRN WVQEMSQETF DAITGRSFEA EDHVLGLSQL EQEIQLAWAE ALGLSAAEVG
LQQPFVALGG DSIKALDAVA RCRARQIKIS MVHILSCEGV REASSLAEVQ ETPAHQVAEI
AVDYSDLWTR LSTEYDISKL GVTQVEEVED VFPCTTMQEG MFLGQIRRPG AYHMRFFHRV
QLKGGSLPTV ERIQQAWASL VERHPSLRTV FVDDLSSEAI YHSVVLRSVP MELTMREVPR
DLNPESALAM FTEELVPFRP NAPLHRMLLL TCRGRVPYLM LEISHVIMDG YALSVFRREF
IRACSSTASL PRGPDYRMFA NYHRTRQTDE SAKYWTNYLA DCVPCHIPTD PLSVPTDASP
EWPRTLQRRD FGFDNSVAFL QRCKERQVTL ACAIRAAWAL VLRAYTQSRD VCFGYVSSGR
NVPVPEVETI FGLCLSMQGL FNTAISMEWV PPTAEDEDAL LDLEEIREQD DPTEYDIAIS
VDIHEGHIKL GFLYWPNLSD FQITHLAEAL QGAMNCFAFQ PDVALNTLTL LQASDLCSTL
TNGPTLLPLE AVRGNVISMI DRWVTRQPES PAIDGWDGSL TYKQLHEQSS WVARNLLHQG
VKLGDRILVC ADRSSRTVVT ILGVVRAGCV LVLSNPTDPE KRLQWLAHKC NATLVVVDPA
YEERFATSGA RVFSTTSVCA PAAWDYEFSA LDDQDLVSIL FTSGSTGTPK GILMDHGALA
TSVLLGHGRT LRFSRHTRML HFASLTFDAA LAEIFTTLAH GGCICVPCEE DRLSDVSGCI
SRFAVNTAML TPSVGRLLDP EALPTLKALA MIGEPMSRLD VERFAPVLDL YNGAGPTETS
IMVTIAGPMK PTDEPVNLGY AVAGVRLWVT EAENPNRLAP LGAVGELIVE GRLVTRGYLD
DPARTRESFL PNLPWLPSQH ALYRTGDLVR YAEDGSLRYM GRKDTQVKLR GQRIELQEVE
YHLRKSLQQA QVVVEMVIPE GKIRAQASLV AFVSGLTAAD VESSSARNFD QSMPMSQIAL
PGSTIQALEE ALPRYMIPSV YFALDTIPLS VNGKADRRRL REIGAALLVS STAHKNTVDG
KSEPVKWTAS SKLELTLLEL WTTTLGLEAE TIYGDDSFFE LGGDSVSAMK LVATARDRFK
LSLSVPQMFR HPTIHQLAAI LGEATGQPES SASSTTEEGF TFSTPDDSST NDGVDDDFLR
LATAQLAQLA QEKGKKVDIA ALLKQLQGGS SSCKTPSVSS SSSSSSSRKK KSAKVVSPVE
APAPVPVPFS LLDGGADVVE KIRAQAVEQC KILPGDIEDI YPATALQEGM MALMARTPGV
YTTTLTCELP ERVNLARLHS AWDKAAEAHP ILRTRIILTE NNTAVQVVQR AKELPWDAYS
LQDGDPLPDL TSNMTLGSTL LRLAEIHRQN QPRMLLVAIH HALYDGWSMP LLKQAVEDVY
HGQELWPQPF TPFINYLNEG KPAAQGYWTA HLDGFAGSVF PNLPSINHHI QPTERRTRSL
AVPTAPPGSQ YTMATKIQAA WAVTVSRYAE AEDIVFGTVS TGRSAPVPSI DRMVGPTITT
VPVRISLGNQ AERLTSLLQR VQEDGWNRMD HEHLGLQHIR RLGESAAAAC NLQTLLVIQP
REEPRAKSIS TLLSGLQDVA ELKGVDTYPL MLVCEPDGVS LHLTAVFDPA VLDAVMLDRM
LAHWELVLNQ IWSEPDMAVM GLDGVSYRDK QTLVRWNAGE KIADGCAHDA VYEWSVRTPH
APAVFAWDGK WTYEELEKCS SLIASQVLVH GVSSGDFVAL YHEKSRWAAA AILAVFKAGG
ILVTLDPAHP KDRIKDILDQ ARPRLVLTSQ SLLDEARELE TPVMVVQFAA SQPMPGECFP
LPTVSPTQAA YAPFTSGSTG RPKGIPLEHR GLAASTASVA RACLLRPASR VLHFASFAFD
ASMMEHLIAW HAGSCLCIPV ETVRQTDLAR CIRDFEVTWA FLTPSCLRLI SPDDVQSLEA
LGLGGESMTP EDIFIWGPRL RQIVQLYGPA ECSIVAALTE VTKPSENRLI GRPNACRCWV
VDPHSPDRLA PLGAVGELVI EGITVGRGYI DDPERTTQAF IPPPTWIQTL YPNEQQPSRL
YRTGDLVRYA GTDGKLTFIG RRDGQLKLHG QRIELADVEA HLRPLIPGTQ KVVVEMVHSV
GNHHPLLAAF VEEILTSQDQ VEQVVNLLHP SQTQCALNVK AIDSALSQTV PQYMIPSMYL
HISRLPLSAS GKLNRRHLRR LVAEFPRQRL SEYAAGSGLA VPNRPATAQE REMQAIWARV
LSVDPDTIGV NEDFFRIGGD SISGMQVATR CNAAGMHITS ADLFQHRTIE QLMRHLSANG
KTGSASISLP PEPVDEWVPL APIQQLFFEI APQGPDHFNQ SLLLRTSRRV SAEKLAGGLD
ILVGRHSMLR ARFCRDDSGQ WSQQVRSRGP YPASAFYRLT THNHIAPELL SSLLAASQMA
LSIQEGPLLA VDLVNLTDDT QLVYLVAHHL IIDLVSWRIL HAELEEYLQT GSFASTTGSV
PFLTWSRAQA EYSANHLTPT LPLPGFQEAN DGFDASRYWG ISCESNTFGQ TSTSTFTLDQ
TVTDQLFGPA NNVLDTRPAE ILQAALWYSF TQSLTDRPGP SIYVEGHGRE PWTGSIDLSG
TVGWFTTMSP LVSAPWDSLS QTSMRDFLDA LSYIKDQRRR IPANGWAYFT SRYLNDEGKV
AYGRMKPVVE ILFNYMGQYQ EMNREDAILQ LAGDGIQSGT GAADVADNVP RFSLIDVSAF
ISNGCLTFQF ILPKSLQQDS RLQGCFQEYE RTLVAAANSL STEGPRKTLA DFPLMPALTY
DQLSQCLDHT LPSMGLCARD VVDIYPCSPV QQGMLLAQLR DRQAYQQRFR FQVKSRGSTD
RLTLEKLKDA WTEVINRHDI LRTLLLPVSD YSHLDQVVMA PGSLQHLVRI NAMDTNPTQG
LPHSINITSD STGTVICEWN VSHALVDAMS IAVIQQEVNE ALEGSLGQHQ KTPRYADYIQ
WLSLQDNTET QAYWKKYLEG VEPCLFPKLA SSTDKVNPEG TISAIRATWT RDSRLDKLCH
THGITLTNLF HIVWSLLLSA YLGTDKVCFG YTTLGRDVPV DGVEKMVGPL VNVIATTIQL
QEDDSILDAL LTHQTHLSNS LQHQHYALAD VYASLGLVGS QLFNTIVSLQ DISHFDANDE
RPTRVEMLPA NDVSEYDVAL NIGVDQSSIQ VVCSYRTLSL SVEQADALLR TTSHVLDEIL
RDPKQPLRDL EVISPQCKEQ LVKWNAAMPA PTDEYIHEKI QDQCRLHSSR EAACAWDGIF
TFAEVDDLSS RLAARLIRMG VTSGHIIPIY SPKSRWTVIA ILGVLKTGAA FTLLETSHPT
ARLRVICNEI KADIIIAPAS HAVPAATLAP ILVVLDSITS MSPQESDLLP AVGMPPAAEA
LAYLIFTSGS TGNPKGVMVT HQNLCSNASI MTTSVNMTSD SRVLHFASHA FDACLWEIFG
ALFAGACLII PSESETKEDL AGCIERMVVT WAFLTPSVAR ILKPEALPSL RNLVLGGEPI
AASDLDMWRG HVQVVCAYGP TETAILASTT SPSTFPSDGK DIGVPTGSSL WIVDKQNYNK
LAPHGATGEL LIEGPNVSQG YLGDPEKTNE AFPVAPRWLS QLRKSPTRVY RTGDLVRFNT
STGTIHFVGR KDNQIKFHGQ RIELGDIEHH AQQAFSNASM VIVDLITPEQ PQQPYIVAFV
HQADTRTGTA DPIDTILLPP SESFRADAIG AQNHMHKRLP HYMVPTAFLP LHRLPLSGTG
KADRKRLRQC ALSLSSLELN AYRATASAKR MPFTAAECKM QELVATVLGR DMSEIGMDDS
FFYLGGDSIQ AMRLVSEGRQ QGLTLSLQAI FDAPRLGDLA YRTANLVRVS EPAPPTLPAT
SSDDCDHKET IVAALPIKKT DVAEVLPTTS FQRTWLDSQL KSYIVVDIPG PIDLARLRTA
IQRVVKAHPI LRASFVPYET TTMQVILRTA VVITEADLST TTVEGICRKD ANAPMAPGTP
YLRVILATQG EVDRKLIMRL SHAQYDGISL SLLMNDLSHA YASESRPLPS SHLPAFNDYI
TYQQTQGADP TATTFWHRLL KDVPITYLDL QPAETPTSNG SLITRTRDIN IAAFPSLPNG
ITTATAVKAA WSLVLAQKTG SLAVIFGQVV HGRGIALTGV EGIVGPCANI TPVVARLGPQ
TTRMELMQTL QDQHRSAMPY ETAGRKELQT IVQHQNNVMA DDMELSLGEA RWGKTGYVGG
EDHVVDVGVE