基因名：
CD46
产品别名：
AHUS2； MCP； MIC10； TLX； TRA2.10； CD46； CD46 molecule； CD46 molecule； membrane cofactor protein； CD46 antigen, complement regulatory protein； CD46 molecule, complement regulatory protein； antigen identified by monoclonal antibody TRA-2-10； complement membrane cofactor protein； measles virus receptor； membrane cofactor protein (CD46, trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigen)； trophoblast leucocyte common antigen； trophoblast leukocyte common antigen； trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigen； 膜辅蛋白； 膜辅蛋白(MCP)；
背景信息：
CD46 is a type I membrane protein containing four Sushi domains. CD46 is expressed by all cells except erythrocytes. CD46 has cofactor activity for inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement. It may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. CD46 also acts as a costimulatory factor for T-cells which induces the differentiation of CD4+ into T-regulatory 1 cells. T-regulatory 1 cells suppress immune responses by secreting interleukin-10, and therefore are thought to prevent autoimmunity. A number of viral and bacterial pathogens exploit this property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells by binding to CD46. CD46 acts as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria.
